Nouns


1. A noun is the name of a person, place, or thing.

2. Nouns are divided into five different kinds : --

Proper NounsCommon NounsCollective nounsMaterial NounsAbstract Nouns


A Proper Noun is the name of a particular person, place, or thing.

eg : John ( person ) ; Palm Beach County ( place ) ; The Chinese ( people );

Books ( thing )

A Common Noun is a name that can be given to any person or thing of the same kind.eg : Man, boy, table, dog



A Collective Noun is singular in form though denoting more than one.eg : Herd, army, flock.



A Material Noun is the name of a substanceeg : Milk, iron, wood.



An Abstract noun is the name of a quality.

eg : Love, truth, color.





Number of Nouns

1. Number shows whether one is meant, or more than one.

2. There are two Numbers : --



The Singular NumberThe Plural Number



The Singular number denotes only one object.

eg: boy, girl



The Plural number denotes more than one object.

eg: boys, girls.



The Plural is generally formed by adding s to the Singular :

pen pens chair chairs

book books garden gardens



When the noun ends in s, x, ch, or sh, the Plural is formed by adding es to the Singular : -

glass glasses watch watches

box boxes dish dishes



If the noun ends in y, and the y has consonant going before it, the Plural is formed by changing y into ies : -

duty duties army armies

fly flies lady ladies



But if the y has vowel going before it, the Plural is formed by simply adding s : --

day days key keys

boy boys monkey monkeys



Most nouns ending in f or fe form the Plural by changing f or fe into ves

calf calves life lives

knife knives wife wives

leaf leaves thief thieves



If the noun ends in o, and the o is preceded by a consonant, the Plural is generally ( not always ) formed by adding es to the Singular : --

cargo cargoes negro negroes

hero heroes potato potatoes



But if the o is preceded by a vowel, the Plural is formed by simply adding s to the singular : --

bamboo bamboos curio curios

cuckoo cuckoos studio studios



Some nouns from their Plurals irregularly :

man men tooth teeth

woman women mouse micefoot feet ox oxen

goose geese child children



Some Nouns have the same from in the Plural as in the Singular : -

deer deer fish fish ( fishes )

sheep sheep dozen dozen ( dozens )

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